蜂蜜中抗生素残留分析的样品前处理方法研究进展

作为具有丰富营养的天然滋养产品，蜂蜜备受消费者的喜爱，但由于部分自媒体的过度宣传及蜂蜜产品本身的质量参差不齐，引发了消费者对蜂蜜产品质量安全的担忧。影响蜂蜜质量安全的主要因素是蜜蜂养殖过程中抗生素的不合理使用和残留问题。在痕量化合物分析中样品前处理方法直接影响检测结果的准确性，蜂蜜样品含有丰富的糖类，存在较强的基质效应，同时残留抗生素的种类多、化合物性质不一致，因此对蜂蜜样品前处理技术和分析仪器设备提出了更高的要求。本文对蜂蜜样品的前处理方法进行了综述，分析了包括固相萃取小柱、磁性分散式固相萃取剂、金属有机框架材料、多孔有机聚合物、分子印迹聚合物在内的各种前处理材料的优缺点，并对固相萃取材料及与其相关的快速检测技术的发展方向进行了展望，以期为提高蜂蜜中抗生素残留监测水平提供帮助，同时推进蜂产业的产品质量安全提升。

Research progress of sample pretreatment methods for the analysis of antibiotic residues in honey

As a natural nourishing product with rich nutrition, honey is favored by consumers. However, due to the excessive publicity of some we-media and the uneven quality of honey products, consumers are concerned about the quality and safety of honey products. The main factors affecting the quality and safety of honey are the unreasonable use and residues of antibiotics in bee farming. For the analysis of trace compounds in the samples, the sample pretreatment methods directly affect the accuracy of detection results. Honey samples contain rich sugars with strong matrix effects, and there are many kinds of antibiotic residues, as well as the properties of compounds are inconsistent. Therefore, higher requirements for the pretreatment technology and analytical equipment of honey samples are put forward. In this paper, the honey sample pretreatment methods were reviewed, including solid phase extraction small columns, magnetic distributed solid-phase extraction agents, metal organic framework materials, porous organic polymers and molecularly imprinted polymers. Otherwise, the advantages and disadvantages of all kinds of pretreatment materials were summarized, and the rapid detection technology based on solid phase extraction materials was prospected, in order to improve the monitoring level of antibiotic residues in honey, and promote the product quality and safety of bee industry.