铜冶炼奥斯麦特熔炼炉提升开风率的影响因素及措施

大冶有色冶炼厂奥斯麦特炉采用的是富氧顶吹熔炼技术,整体工艺控制已十分成熟,提高奥炉开风时率成为提高产能的唯一方法。冶炼厂对2018年的停炉故障进行分析,发现锅炉故障、喷枪故障及换枪、化焦及堆料、供风供煤系统故障以及清枪重是影响奥炉内部停炉的关键因素,占比达到82.67%。通过采取严格控制锅炉水质、加强日常保养等措施降低了锅炉故障率,通过改进喷枪结构提高了喷枪寿命,通过定时清理烟道工作门焦块、采用结焦抑制剂、改进化焦操作工艺等措施减少了烟道掉焦,通过改用氮气为仪表风、改进汽包排水阀门等措施来降低风机故障,通过加强保养来降低粉煤系统故障率,通过细节操作精细化来降低清枪重频次。以上措施采取后,大冶有色奥炉2019年全年系统开风时率达到95.5%,较2018年93.7%提高1.8%,全年矿铜产量达到32.6万t,效果显著。

Influencing factors and measures for increasing the operating rate of Ausmelt furnace for copper smelting

Daye Nonferrous Metals Smelter adopts oxygen-enriched top-blowing smelting technology on Ausmelt furnace,and the overall process control is very mature.Increasing the operating rate of the Austrian furnace is the only way to increase production capacity.The smelter analyzed the shutdown failures in 2018 and found that boiler failure,spray gun failure and replacement,coking and stacking,air and coal supply system failures,and cleaning the spray gun weight are the key factors affecting the internal shutdown of the Austrian furnace,and the ratio reached 82.67%.Measures such as strict control of boiler water quality and strengthening of daily maintenance have reduced the failure rate of boilers;improving spray gun structure to increase spray gun life;measures such as regular cleaning of flue working door coke blocks,using coking inhibitors,and improving coking operation techniques to reduce the flue coke;measures such as switching to nitrogen for instrument air and improving steam drum drainage valves to reduce fan failures;strengthening maintenance to reduce the failure rate of the pulverized coal system;refining operation to reduce the frequency of cleaning spray guns.After the above measures are taken,Daye Nonferrous Ausmelt furnace’s annual system operating rate in 2019 reached 95.5%,which is an increase of 1.8% from 93.7% in 2018,and the annual output of copper reached 326000 tons.The effect is remarkable.