我国市售食品中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌污染情况研究进展

摘要： 近年来我国市售食品中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus，MRSA）的检出愈发常见，并呈现出污染食品种类多、污染地区范围广的特点。MRSA污染的食品不仅增加了食品从业人员和消费者罹患细菌感染的风险，同时MRSA的污染也会伴随着食品的生产加工和贸易流通，逐渐打破原有的地域限制，呈现出更为复杂的污染特征。在我国，不同类型的市售食品中MRSA的污染率差异较大，主要污染型别也各不相同，这对污染的溯源调查和防控带来了巨大挑战。并且随着食品贸易和人员流动，呈现出污染食品种类多、污染地区范围广的特点。不同食品中MRSA的污染率差异较大，且主要型别复杂多样。本文对近年来我国市售食品中MRSA的污染状况进行综述，针对不同市售食品中MRSA的污染特征、主要污染来源以及食品中不同类型MRSA的致病性或耐药性特征进行分析和探讨，为后续对重要食品中MRSA的主要流行型别开展风险评估和传播机制研究、污染防控提供新的思路。

Research progress on the contamination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in retail foods in China

ABSTRACT: The methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is becoming more and more common in retail foods in China, and presents the characteristics of many types of contaminated food and wide range of contaminated areas. The food contaminated by MRSA can increases the risk of bacterial infection for food practitioners and consumers, at the same time, MRSA pollution will also accompany the production, processing and trade circulation of food, gradually breaking the original geographical restrictions, showing more complex pollution characteristics The contamination rate of MRSA in different types of commercially available food varies greatly, and the main contamination types are also different, which brings great challenges to the traceability investigation and prevention and control of contamination in China. This paper aimed to review the contamination status of MRSA in retail foods in China of recent years, and to summarize and discuss the contamination characteristics of MRSA in different retail foods, the main sources of pollution, and the pathogenic characteristics of different types of MRSA in food, and to provide new ideas for further research on risk assessment and transmission mechanism of the dominant epidemic MRSA types in important foods and pollution prevention and control.