芳烃生产技术展望

通过对分离技术、反应生成技术、目的产品转移技术、甲基烷基化技术以及组合工艺最大程度增产芳烃技术等国内外芳烃生产技术进展进行分析，总结出近年来芳烃生产的技术进步与创新主要体现在催化剂和吸附剂性能的提高、新型反应及分离工艺的开发与应用、采用组合工艺最大化增产芳烃、单位产品物耗能耗的降低、装置规模的不断扩大等方面，而芳烃生产原料短缺是长期困扰芳烃生产的现实问题。归纳了紧紧围绕拓宽原料来源、开发新型高性能催化剂与吸附剂、应用组合生产工艺和装置大型化等芳烃生产技术发展趋势，提出了以建设国产化大型芳烃联合装置为契机，加快开发并形成原料多样化、产品结构调整灵活、物耗能耗更低并具有自主知识产权的芳烃成套生产技术的建议。提出应加快开发LPG、轻烯烃、芳烃抽余油等轻烃芳构化技术，使芳烃副产进一步增值；加强炼油-化工资源的一体化工作，充分利用催化裂化轻循环油、裂解重质汽油、炼厂重质芳烃以及煤焦油用以生产BTX；加大芳烃与煤化工结合的力度，尽快工业化实施甲苯甲基化生产二甲苯技术；进一步拓展生产芳烃的原料，开发并利用甲醇、纤维素等生物质生产芳烃新技术。

OUTLOOK OF AROMATICS PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

The recent technology improvements worldwide for aromatics production are reviewed such as various aromatics separation, aromatics formation processes, toluene disproportionation and transalkylation, alkylation of methyl group, as well as combination of processes to maximize aromatics production. Following the analysis, the recent technology advances and innovations for aromatics production can be summarized as follows: 1) improvement of catalysts and adsorbents; 2) development and application of new reaction and separation processes; 3) implementation of combined process solution; 4) enhancement of energy and material utilization efficiency and 5) economy of scale. Then, recommendations to expedite the development of technology for entire aromatics complex with proprietary intellectual property and features like flexible feedstock, easy switch of product slate and lower consumption are presented. In order to face the challenge of feedstock shortage, aromatization technology of light hydrocarbons (LPG, light olefins and raffinate oil) should be developed. Finally, additional ideas for further increase of aromatics production are proposed, such as highly integration of refining-petrochemical-ethylene units for better utilization of feedstocks including FCC LCO, pyrolysis heavy gasoline components, heavy aromatics and coal tar oil for BTX production; integrating aromatics complex with coal chemical plant; and developing technology using unconventional feedstock, e.g. methanol, cellulose and so on.