海参加工液中有效成分的盐析萃取

考察了不同亲水性有机溶剂-无机盐双水相盐析萃取体系对海参加工液中蛋白和多糖的盐析萃取能力. 结果表明，叔丁醇-(NH4)2SO4和乙醇-Na2CO3体系对海参蛋白和多糖有较好的萃取效果，蛋白和多糖以界面沉淀形式分配在上层有机相和下层水相之间. 叔丁醇-(NH4)2SO4体系的最佳工艺条件为：(NH4)2SO4 300 g/L，海参加工液与叔丁醇体积比为1:1.5，室温下萃取，蛋白和多糖的最高回收率分别为99.6%和96.3%；乙醇-Na2CO3体系的最佳工艺条件为：乙醇16%(w), Na2CO3 12%(w)，海参加工液72%(w)，37℃下萃取，蛋白和多糖的回收率分别为96.9%和90.6%. 将该体系从30 g规模逐级放大到3 kg，多糖回收率降低1%，蛋白回收率降低0.7%，该体系可同时降低重金属含量.

Salting-out Extraction of Valuable Components from Waste Liquor of Processing Sea Cucumber

The extraction behavior of protein and polysaccharide in waste liquor of processing sea cucumber was studied in an aqueous two-phase system composed of different hydrophilic organic solvents and inorganic salts. The results showed that t-butanol-(NH4)2SO4 and ethanol-Na2CO3 system performed better in extracting protein and polysaccharide directly from the waste liquor as an interfacial precipitate layer between the upper organic and the lower aqueous phase. The extraction conditions were determined and optimized. For t-butanol-(NH4)2SO4 system, the process was conducted by adding t-butanol (1:1.5, j) and 300 g/L (NH4)2SO4 into the waste liquor of processing sea cucumber at room temperature, resulting in the highest recovery rates for protein and polysaccharide of 99.6% and 96.3%, respectively. For ethanol-Na2CO3 system, the optimum conditions were 16%(w) ethanol, 12%(w) Na2CO3, 72%(w) waste liquor of processing sea cucumber, and the recovery rates for protein and polysaccharide were 96.9% and 90.6% at 37℃, respectively. When the ethanol-Na2CO3 system was progressively enlarged from 30 g to 3 kg, the recovery rates for polysaccharide and protein decreased only by 1% and 0.7%, respectively, meanwhile, heavy metal ions in the waste liquor of processing sea cucumber reduced.