一株产氨浸铜细菌的分离与鉴定

从内蒙古某处土壤中分离出一株分解尿素的产氨细菌（命名为 JAT-1），革兰氏阴性，菌落表面平整湿润，乳白色，短杆状.菌体尺寸为φ0.2~0.4μm×1.5~2.0μm.结合16S rDNA测定和菌株系统发育树分析，其与Providencia Sp. Sam 130-9A同源性高达99%.对其生长特性研究结果表明：JAT-1以10 g×L^-1柠檬酸钠作为碳源，20 g×L^-1尿素作为氮源，最佳生长pH值范围为8.0——9.5，最佳初始接种浓度20%.采用该细菌进行碱性铜矿摇瓶浸出实验，144 h后铜浸出率可达42.38%，表明该菌株具有应用于碱性铜矿浸出的潜力.

Isolation and identification of an ammonia-producing copper leaching strain

An ammonia-producing strain isolated from Inner Mongolia in north China, which is capable of decomposing urea, was designated as strain JAT-1. Identification results show that this milky strain has a smooth and humid surface, and it is Gram-negative and rod-shaped in φ0.2-0.4 μm×1.5-2.0 μm. Based on the 16S rDNA sequencing and the phylogenetic tree, this strain was identified as Providencia Sp. By means of the analysis of growth characteristics, the optimal growth condition was achieved when the concentration of sodium citrate as a carbon source was 10 g·L-1, the concentration of urea as a nitrogen source was 20 g·L-1, the pH value was between 8.0 and 9.5, and the inoculum concentration was 20%. Alkaline copper ore bioleaching experiment in a shake flask with the ammonia-producing strain yielded a copper leaching efficiency of 42.38% in 144 h. This result indicates that this strain has the potential for leaching the alkaline copper ore.