五轴数控机床综合误差建模评价方法研究

针对五轴数控机床精度综合评价分析的需要,提出了一种对机床几何误差和伺服误差进行综合评价的方法。该方法通过机床线性轴和旋转轴联动的方式,利用球杆仪进行圆度误差检测,根据所建立的误差分析评价模型,通过对机床运动过程中的各项误差对机床总误差的影响进行分析得知,随着进给速度的增加,机床的几何误差基本保持不变,而伺服误差在机床总误差中所占比重逐渐增大,当进给速度增大到10 000 mm/min时伺服误差占机床总误差的75%左右。实验结果表明本机床误差评价模型具有较高的准确性,分析结果可为机床的误差补偿提供计算依据。

Research on Integrated Error Modeling and Evaluation Method of Five axis Machine Tools

In order to deal with the precision comprehensive evaluation analysis of five-axis machine tools, a comprehensive evaluation method for assessing geometric and servo error of machine tools was proposed. Through collaborative motion of two translational axes and a rotary axis, the circular error test was carried out using ball bar. The errors attributing to the total error of machine tools were analyzed according to the established error analysis and evaluation models. The analysis results indicated that the geometric errors remained constant, but the servo errors increased as the feed increased and were dominant about 75% of the total error at a feed of 10000mm/min. The experimental results showed that the proposed error evaluation model and analysis results had high accuracy and provided a computation basis for error compensation of machine tools.