电力市场中的备用问题

备用是辅助服务的主要组成部分，关系到电力系统的安全运行和可靠性，是电力市场重要的特征之一。文中在总结该领域主要研究内容的基础上，讨论了备用的各种分类方法、备用在电力市场中分类的趋势以及备用与可靠性的关系，并进一步介绍了与备用密切相关的可靠性指标的计算方法；备用的成本效益分析，包括成本效益计算思路和相关参数的获取；备用市场的运营、市场力的评估等当前研究相对深入的问题，并对一种特殊备用——可中断负荷，从可中断的容量、价格、时机等方面进行了综述。最后，提出该领域中急需研究的问题。

RESERVE THE POWER MARKET

Being one of the most im portant characteristics of power market ancillary services,reserves have deep influences on security and reliability of power systems. The paper summarizes the hot topics in this research field,such as the classification methods of the reserves and their new trends;the relations between reserves and reliability,and the calculation of the reliability index;cost- benefit analysis,including its algorithm s and the calculation of som e relative param eters;and the operation of the reserve market and evaluation of the market power. A special type of reserve,interruptible load,is also discussed from its capacity,prices and opportunity of interruption.At the end of the paper,the problem s that need to be urgently studied are presented.