Trifocal distraction osteogenesis for segmental mandibular defect: a technical innovation

OBJECTIVE: To assess, in the human endometrial cell line HEC-1-A, the presence of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1D (PTP1D) and the possible regulation of its mRNA expression by mitogens such as forskolin (an agent that increases intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate cAMP] levels), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I). METHODS: Cells were grown to confluence and maintained in serum-free media for 24 hours before treatment. Cells were exposed to forskolin, EGF, and IGF-I for increasing time periods (0, 1, 3, 6, and 24 hours), and PTP1D mRNA expression was determined by Northern blot analysis. In addition, cells were incubated with increasing doses of forskolin (final concentrations: 1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 mumol/L) for 6 hours. RESULTS: When treated with the various mitogens, cells increased their stimulation of PTP1D mRNA expression in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. Specifically, forskolin, EGF, and IGF-I induced maximal mRNA expression at 6, 3, and 6 hours, respectively. Expression induced by forskolin, EGF, and IGF-I was five, three, and six times control levels, respectively. At a dose of 10 mumol/L, forskolin induced PTP1D mRNA expression almost two times higher than control values. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that in human endometrial carcinomas, cAMP, EGF, and IGF-I may regulate the expression of PTP1D mRNA, which may, in turn, play a role in uncontrolled cell proliferation and neoplastic transformation.