“双碳”目标下先进煤炭清洁利用发电技术研究综述

在“双碳”目标下，煤炭发电逐渐由主体能源向托底能源转变，燃煤发电技术在煤炭清洁处理、高效率发电及排放物低碳处理等各方面不断发展，同时也向深度调峰辅助服务、“燃煤+”耦合发电等方向转型，探索高效清洁的先进煤炭发电技术意义重大。分析超临界煤气化、超临界煤液化以及超临界水煤氧化等煤炭清洁利用技术的研究现状，讨论超临界水煤氧化热力发电技术、超临界CO₂动力循环技术、整体煤气化联合循环技术、超超临界循环流化床技术等先进燃煤低碳发电方式的技术特点，论述碳捕集利用与封存技术的发展趋势，同时展望煤炭清洁利用发电技术的转型方向，为碳达峰碳中和目标的实现提供发展思路。

A Review on Advanced Clean Coal Power Generation Technology Under "Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality" Goal

Under the goal of "double carbon", coal-fired power generation is gradually transitioning from the main energy to the underlying energy. Coal-fired power generation technology is constantly developing in various aspects, such as clean coal treatment, high-efficiency power generation and low-carbon treatment of emissions. At the same time, it is also transitioning to in-depth peak shaving auxiliary services and "coal +" coupled power generation. It is therefore of great significance to explore efficient and clean advanced coal-fired power generation technologies. This paper analyzes the research status of clean coal utilization technologies such as supercritical coal gasification, supercritical coal liquefaction and supercritical coal water oxidation, discusses the technical characteristics of advanced coal-fired low-carbon power generation modes such as supercritical coal water oxidation thermal power generation technology, supercritical CO₂ power cycle technology, integrated coal gasification combined cycle technology and ultra supercritical circulating fluidized bed technology, and explores the development trend of carbon capture utilization and storage technology. At the same time, the transition direction of clean coal power generation technology is prospected, which can provide development ideas for the realization of the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.