Coefficient Diagram Method Based Load Frequency Control for a Modern Power System

With the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources with a wide range of operating conditions causing power system uncertainties, conventional controllers are incapable of providing proper performance to keep the system stable. However, controllable or dispatchable loads such as electric vehicles (EVs) and heat pumps (HPs) can be utilized for supplementary frequency control. This paper shows the ability of plug-in hybrid EVs, HPs, and batteries (BTs) to contribute in the frequency control of an isolated power system. Moreover, we propose a new online intelligent approach by using a coefficient diagram method (CDM) to enhance the system performance and robustness against uncertainties. The performance of the proposed intelligent CDM control has been compared with the proportional-integral (PI) controller and the superiority of the proposed scheme has been verified in Matlab/Simulink programs.