长水平段水平井钻井技术难点分析及对策

长水平段水平井拥有直井和一般水平井无法比拟的技术优势。然而由于其水平段较长、钻遇岩性的复杂多样、钻井液和钻具与地层接触时间长等因素使得在钻进和固井过程中存在很多技术难题。为提高长水平段水平井的钻井技术水平，首先对钻进和固井中的技术难题做了归纳总结，再对不同的技术难题做了原因分析，认为长水平段水平井的钻进技术难题主要由水平段过长造成，而固井技术难题主要是由水平段延伸方向与套管和水泥浆的重力方向垂直或近似垂直造成；最后结合现场实践提出了优化井眼轨迹，优化钻井液、水泥浆性能，优化钻进、固井工具组合，优化套管下入方法等技术措施，提高了钻进效率和固井质量，对今后长水平段水平井的钻进和固井施工有一定的指导作用。

Difficulties and countermeasures for drilling long lateral-section horizontal wells

Long lateral-section horizontal wells play an important role in exploiting oil and gas reservoir. Compared with vertical well and general horizontal well, it has unparalleled technical advantages. However, because of some factors such as long lateral-section, complex rock lithology, and long contacting time by drilling liquids or drilling tools and formation, many technical problems rise in the process of drilling and cementing. To raise the drilling level of long lateral-section horizontal wells, the paper summarizes these problems firstly, and analyses the reasons of drilling and cementing difficulties secondly. It concludes that the drilling difficulties of long lateral-section horizontal wells are caused by the long lateral-section, and the cementing difficulties are mainly caused by the status of horizontal-section being vertical or approximately vertical to the gravity direction of pipe and slurry. Finally the paper proposes some measures such as optimizing well trajectory, optimizing the performance of drilling liquids and cement liquids, optimizing drilling and cementing tools, and optimizing the tripping method of casing, which raises the quality of drilling and cementing and brings some guidance on the drilling and cementing of long lateral-section horizontal wells.