主动探测回波激光脉冲时域特性

利用猫眼效应原理实施目标主动探测，能够快速、准确发现空间光学侦察设备。激光脉冲辐照不同的反射目标，产生回波经大气传输后具有不同的脉冲展宽，利用该特性可实现对不同目标的识别和定位。利用光子散射理论分析了近地面气溶胶散射效应引起的脉冲展宽，给出了影响脉冲展宽的主要因素，建立了猫眼和漫反射背景回波脉冲展宽的计算物理模型；为验证模型，设计并实施了基于飞艇平台的动态主动探测验证实验，实验结果表明:激光脉冲经过8～10 km斜程大气传输，猫眼和飞艇背景漫反射回波分别展宽了20～30 ns和90 ns，与物理模型计算值具有较好的一致性，验证了物理模型的正确性，该模型可为区分和提取猫眼回波信号提供理论依据。

Time-domain characteristics of active detecting echo laser pulse

The active laser detection basing on cat's eye effect can detect space optical observation equipments. The laser pulse transmitting in the atmosphere will be broadened to affect the echo waveform distribution from the target, and the echo pulse width is different from the dissimilar reflective target, which can be used to determine detecting target. Based on the photon scattering theory, the pulse broadening caused by the aerosol scattering effect near the ground was analyzed, the calculation physical model was built to resolve cat's eye and diffuse reflection echo pulse broadening and the main factors affecting pulse broadening were provided. The active detecting dynamic tests aiming at the optical cabin loaded on the aeroboat were implemented to validate the physical model, the test results show that the cat's eye and background diffusion reflection echo signals are respectively broadened 20-30 ns and 90 ns after 8～10 km slant path atmospheric transmission. Based on the built physical model, the theoretical pulse broadening on dynamic test condition is accordance with the actual test results, which provides theoretical proof to distinguish and pickup cat's eye echo signal.