日中の蚕书类にみる古蚕具の比较试论

日本从江户时代起、中国从周代起至唐宋,很多古籍和农蚕书记载着当时蚕具的形制,更从书中的插图以及《耕织图》,加深了对古代蚕具的认识。公元前后,日中两国蚕具大多以木、竹和芦苇为材料,形制也类似,其后因就地取材方便,向各自的方向发展,日本重视稻草的利用,固定蚕架改为活动蚕架(棚),名称也各不相同。近年日本推行高工效饲育技术,走向机械化,传统的蚕具急速消减,而中国仍保持传统的蚕具。

Comparisons Betwecn Sericulture tools Appearing in Japanse and Chinese Classics

Through comparisons made betweem the sericulture tools appearing respectively in Japanese and Chinese classics,it is shown that around the beginning of the Christian era,both the Japanese and Chinese sericulture tools were mainly made of wood,bamboo and reed with similar forms and structures.Later on,they developed in different ways,because the two countries had different kinds of easily accessible raw material.Japan made much use of rice straw,and changed the fixed frame into movable frame (rack),and the names of the tools also became different in the two countries. In recent years,mechanized high-efficiency rearing technology has been promoted in Japan with the result of the rapid vanishing of traditional sericalture tools,while the Chinese still use their traditional ones.