基于被动干涉微波亮温图像的海面目标探测算法研究

为利用被动干涉微波技术作为我国天基预警体系的重要补充以实现对海面目标的有效探测，该文提出一种基于被动干涉微波图像的海面目标探测算法。首先，建立了海面背景和海面目标的被动干涉微波图像数学模型；其次，详细地介绍了海面目标的探测算法，并仿真验证了算法的可行性；最后，开展了机载实验。理论分析和实验验证均表明：该探测算法是可行性的，能有效地探测到海面目标，且具有较好的探测性能；海面航行的金属目标在被动干涉微波图像中呈现“一高一低”的特征，可利用该特征提高海面目标探测概率。该探测算法可为天基被动干涉微波技术探测海面目标提供参考。

Research on the Detection Algorithm for Sea Surface Targets Based on Passive Interferometric Microwave Images

To effectively detect sea surface targets by the passive interferometric microwave technology considered as an important complement for the space-based early warning system of China, a detection algorithm is proposed based on the Passive Interferometric Microwave Images (PIMI). First, the mathematical model of PIMI is established for the sea background and sea surface target. Second, the detection algorithm is introduced in detail, and numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed algorithm. Finally, the air-borne experiments are also carried out. Both theoretical and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is feasible, can effectively detect sea surface targets, and show good performance. That also exhibits that the moving metal vessels on the sea surface show a “hot” and “low” characteristic in PIMI, which can be used to improve the detection probability. The proposed detection algorithm can provide a reference for space-based PIMI to detect sea surface targets.