Cross-linking polymerization of acrylic acid in supercritical carbon dioxide |
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| Authors: | Tao Liu Joseph M. DeSimone George W. Roberts |
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| Affiliation: | a Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7905, Raleigh, NC 27695-7905, USA
b Venable and Kenan Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, CB 3290, NC 27599-3290, USA |
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| Abstract: | Cross-linking polymerization of acrylic acid in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) was studied in a batch reactor at 50 °C and 207 bar with either triallyl pentaerythritol ether or tetraallyl pentaerythritol ether as the cross-linker and with 2,2′-azobis(2,4-dimethyl-valeronitrile) as the free radical initiator. All polymers were white, dry, fine powders. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the morphology of the polymer particles was not affected by cross-linking. As the cross-linker concentration was increased, the polymer glass transition temperature first decreased, then increased. Water-soluble and water-insoluble polymers were synthesized by adjusting the cross-linker concentration. Viscosity measurements showed that the polymer thickening effect strongly depended on the degree of cross-linking. Finally, cross-linking polymerization of acrylic acid in scCO2 was carried out in a continuous stirred tank reactor. The use of cross-linker decreased the monomer conversion in this system. |
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| Keywords: | Acrylic acid Cross-linking polymerization Supercritical carbon dioxide |
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