蜂王浆对雌性大鼠生长发育的影响

目的：探讨高剂量蜂王浆对雌性大鼠生长发育的影响。方法：实验组大鼠按3 g/（200 g·d）（以体质量计，下同）灌胃新鲜的蜂王浆溶液，对照组按3 mL/（200 g·d）灌胃生理盐水，4 周后，停止灌胃，继续饲养2 周。每两周解剖一批大鼠，称质量计算心、肝、脾、肺、肾、肾上腺、子宫、卵巢脏器系数，用放射免疫技术检测血清雌二醇（estradiol，E2）、促卵泡素（follicle stimulating hormone，FSH）、促黄体素（luteinizing hormone，LH）、孕激素（progestrone，P）含量，实时定量聚合酶链式反应（real-timepolymerase chain reaction，real-time PCR）检测卵巢和子宫中雌激素受体α（estrogen receptor α，ERα）、雌激素受体β（estrogen receptor β，ERβ）、促卵泡素受体（follicle stimulating hormone receptor，FSHR）、促黄体素受体（luteinizing hormone recepter，LHR）、孕激素受体（progestrone receptor，PR）mRNA表达量。结果：灌胃2 周，实验组大鼠体质量、主要脏器系数、血清主要性激素含量及其卵巢和子宫中受体表达量与对照组相比均无显著差异；灌胃4 周，实验组大鼠体质量显著低于对照组，实验组血清E2显著高于对照组，实验组卵巢PR mRNA表达量显著高于对照组，实验组子宫中ERα、ERβ、PR mRNA表达量显著高于对照组。实验组与对照组脏器系数无显著差异；停止灌胃2 周后，实验组大鼠体质量、主要脏器系数、血清主要性激素含量与对照组相比均无显著差异，实验组卵巢中FSHR、ERβ、PR mRNA表达量显著高于对照组，实验组子宫中ERα、ERβ、FSHR和PR mRNA表达量显著高于对照组。结论：高剂量的蜂王浆在一定程度上影响雌性大鼠的生长发育。

Effect of Royal Jelly on Growth and Development of Female Rats

Objective: To investigate the effect of high dose of royal jelly on the growth and development of female rats.
Methods: The rats were given by gavage fresh royal jelly in the experimental group at a dose of 3 g/(200 g·d) body weight
(BW), while the rats in the control group was administered by gavage with normal saline at a dose of 3 mL/(200 g·d)
BW. After 4 weeks of administration, the rats were continuously fed for additional 2 weeks. Eight rats from each group
were anatomized every two weeks. The visceral indexes of heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and adrenal grand were
examined. Serum estradiol (estradiol, E2), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone
(progesterone, P) was detected with radioimmunoassay. Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression levels of estrogen
receptor alpha (ERα), estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR), luteinizing hormone
receptor (LHR) and progesterone receptor (PR). The results showed that there was no significant difference between the
experiment and control groups after 2 weeks of administration, but a significant difference was found after 4 weeks. Body
weight in the experiment group was significantly lower than in the control group, E2 level was significantly higher than in
the control group, and the mRNA expression level of ovarian PR was higher than in the control group. The expression levels
of ERα, ERβ and PR in uterus were significantly higher than in the control group. At 2 weeks after administration, there
was no significant difference in body weight, organ coefficients or serum sex hormone levels between both groups. But the
mRNA expression level of FSHR, ERβ and PR in the ovary were significantly higher than those in the control group, and
the expression levels of ERα, ERβ, FSHR and PR in the uterus were significantly higher than those in the control group. In all, the
growth and development of female rats were influenced by the gavage administration of high-dose royal jelly to some extent.