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Qualitative relationship between caffeine and chlorogenic acid contents among wild Coffea species
Affiliation:1. Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Via L. De Crecchio 7, 80138 Napoli, Italy;2. Stazione Sperimentale per le Industrie delle Essenze e dei derivati dagli Agrumi (SSEA), Azienda Speciale – Camera di Commercio di Reggio Calabria, Via G. Tommasini 2, 89127 Reggio Calabria, Italy;3. Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico, MiSE – Via Molise 2, Roma, Italy;4. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e ProdAL scarl, Università degli studi di Salerno, via Ponte Don Melillo 1, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy;1. Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo, Laboratório de Análises e Pesquisa em Café – LAPC, Avenida Elizabeth Minete Perim, S/N, Bairro São Rafael, CEP: 29375-000, Venda Nova do Imigrante, Espírito Santo, Brazil;2. Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (Incaper), Departamento de Estatística, Rua Afonso Sarlo, 160, Bento Ferreira, CEP: 29052-010, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil;3. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Microbiologia, Avenida PH Rolfs S/N Viçosa, Minas Gerais-Mg 36570-000, Brazil;4. Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Brazil;5. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Florestais e Madeireiras, Centro de Ciências e Engenharia Agrárias, Av. Governador Lindemberg, 316, CEP: 29550-000, Jerônimo Monteiro, Espírito Santo, Brazil;1. Núcleo de Pesquisa em Café Prof. Luiz Carlos Trugo (NUPECAFÉ), Laboratório de Química e Bioatividade de Alimentos, Instituto de Nutrição, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;2. Institute for Coffee Studies, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA;1. Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/A, Turin, Italy;2. Biosfered S.r.l., Academic Spin-Off of the University of Turin, Via Quarello 15/A, Turin, Italy
Abstract:Chlorogenic acids, sensu largo (CGA), are secondary metabolites of great economic importance in coffee: their accumulation in green beans contributes to coffee drink bitterness. Previous evaluations have already focussed on wild species of coffee trees, but this assessment included six new taxa from Cameroon and Congo and involved a simplified method that generated more accurate results. Five main results were obtained: (1) Cameroon and Congo were found to be a centre of diversity, encompassing the entire range of CGA content from 0.8% to 11.9% dry matter basis (dmb); (2) three groups of coffee tree species – CGA1, CGA2 and CGA3 – were established on the basis of discontinuities; (3) means were 1.4%, 5.6% and 9.9% dmb, respectively; (4) there was a qualitative relationship between caffeine and ACG content distribution; (5) only a small part of the CGA is trapped by caffeine as caffeine chlorogenate.
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