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Polyamide-based composite membranes: Part 2. Interaction, crystallization and morphology |
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| Authors: | Aiman Eid Al-Rawajfeh Hasan A. Al-Salah Ehab AlShamaileh Danail Donchev |
| Affiliation: | aDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Tafila Technical University, P.O. Box 179, 66110 Tafila, Jordan bDepartment of Chemistry, Mu'tah University, P.O. Box 7, Al-Karak, Jordan cDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan dFB Ingenieurwissenschaften, Institut für Verfahrenstechnik/TVT, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle, Germany |
| Abstract: | In this work, the interaction, crystallization and morphology of membranes derived from polyamides/poly (vinylalcohol) (PA/PVA, PA: PA66, PA69, PA610 and PA612) blend materials are studied at various weight fractions and various crystallization temperatures. The experimental work includes differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), polarized optical microscopy (POM) and scanning clectron microscopy (SEM). The equilibrium melting temperatures of polyamides in the blends are obtained using Hoffman-Weeks plots, and the interaction parameters are calculated using the Nishi-Wang equation, which is based on the Flory-Huggins theory. The values of the Flory-Huggins interaction parameters χ12 are negative. Significant upward shifts of νNH are observed with increasing volume fraction of PVA. The morphology of membranes is impressively complex, diverse, and irregular. All compositions that show nodular morphology are in the μm-scale and the size of the nodules increases with increasing PA6 content. Large void cavities are observed in the substructure for the lower polymer concentrations. |
| Keywords: | Polyamides Poly (vinylalcohol) Interaction Crystallization Morphology |
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