Improving the field production environment for soybeans |
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Authors: | A Lam-Sánchez |
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Affiliation: | 1. Plant Sciences Department, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences-UNESP 14.870, Jaboticabal, S?o Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract: | During the past 10 years, soybeans have reached a prominent position among crops in the world. A substantial contribution
to world production has been achieved by tropical countries, due to favorable conditions for high yields. Two limitations
keep commercial yields below those obtained in experimental results (above 3,000 kg/ha): one is the lack of local adapted
varieties and the other is an adequate field production environment. Solutions must be obtained by local research data. Seedbed
preparation is one of the most important production steps, since the other production practices are dependent on it. Conventional
methods and minimum tillage, when soybeans follow another crop, are being used, with the problem of soil compaction and losses
by erosion. Looking for superior strains ofRhizobium is crucial because nitrogen can be supplied by a proper symbiosis. The addition of limestone to the soil is a common practice
used to raise the pH to proper levels. The use of fertilizers should be guided by local research findings. Chemical control
of weeds, pests and diseases is needed to prevent yield losses, but possible effects on the environment should be considered. |
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