基于二阶不变矩的弹头痕迹自动比对优化方法研究*

在国内外对弹头痕迹比对方法的研究中，传统方法是通过显微镜肉眼观察，比对两个弹头上的线条型痕迹，看线条的粗细分布是否吻合，但是效率极低、误差大。为了消除实际测量过程中的误差（平移误差和转动误差），提出基于不变矩的方法来识别弹头痕迹，并通过与基于相似度的方法进行对比，最终得出基于二阶不变矩的痕迹识别方法。该方法具有误差小、识别率高的特点，并将其应用于实际的弹头痕迹比对中，取得了良好的效果。

Research of bullet engraving automated comparison optimization method based on second moment invariants

In the research of bullet engraving comparison method at home and abroad,the traditional method is through visual observation by microscope,comparing line-type engraving of two bullets to distinct whether the line match,but inefficient and having big error.In order to eliminate the actual measurement error (translation error and rotation error),this paper proposed a method based on moment invariants to identify the bullet engraving, and through compared with correlation method. Finally got the bullet engraving identifying based on second moment invariants.This method has the character of small error and high identical rate,putting it into bullet engraving comparison and getting good result.