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An efficient dual-emissive-layer white organic light emitting-diode: Insight into device working mechanism and origin of color-shift
Affiliation:1. State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, PR China;2. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, College of Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007, USA;3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75083, USA;4. Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan;1. Department of Microwave Devices and ICs, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 3, Beitucheng West Road, Beijing 100029, People’s Republic of China;2. State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People’s Republic of China;1. Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10167, Taiwan;2. Center of Advanced Study in Theoretical Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10167, Taiwan;1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Ciência dos Materiais, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19011, 81531-980 Curitiba PR, Brazil;2. Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Caixa Postal 19044, 81531-990 Curitiba PR, Brazil;3. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Mecânica, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, 1155, 80215-901 Curitiba PR, Brazil
Abstract:By using a single host for both blue and orange phosphorescent dopants, a simple and efficient white organic light emitting-diode is reported. The dual-emissive-layer white device achieves a peak external quantum efficiency of 16.9 ± 0.9% and power efficiency of 44.1 ± 2.3 lm/W without out-coupling enhancement. Analysis of the device working mechanism determines that the blue dopant molecules can form a bridge to facilitate electron transport into the adjacent orange emitting-layer. The orange emission originates from both the direct electron trapping by the orange dopant and incomplete blue–orange energy transfer mechanisms. The origin of the voltage-dependent color shift of the device is quantitatively determined according to the working mechanism. Possible solution to reducing the color-shift is also provided based on the calculation and analytical results.
Keywords:White organic light-emitting diode  Phosphorescence  Color-shift  Charge transport
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