Optimization of groove configurations

Billet of square or rectangular cross section is rolled in grooves on bar mills. The degree of reduction and the shape of the grooves determine the stress state of the metal in the deformation region and the energy consumption in rolling. The tensile stress at the bar surface depends on the longitudinal and transverse deformation. Under the action of the tensile stress, the integrity of the metal surface may be disrupted. For each steel, there is a limiting strain beyond which the bar surface disintegrates. The ratio of the current strain to its limiting value determines the degree to which the metal’s reserve of plasticity has been depleted; that, in turn, characterizes the probability of defect formation at the metal surface. The optimal groove configuration may be selected by simulation of the rolling conditions and assessment of the metal’s plasticity and the energy consumption.