Synthesis and characterization of Piperidine-4-carboxylic acid functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a magnetic catalyst for Knoevenagel reaction |
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| Authors: | E. Karaoğlu A. Baykal M. Şenel H. Sözeri M.S. Toprak |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemistry, Fatih University, 34500 B. Cekmece, Istanbul, Turkey;2. TUBITAK-UME, National Metrology Institute, Gebze, 41470 Kocaeli, Turkey;3. Division of Functional Materials, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, 16440 Stockholm, Sweden;1. Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India;2. Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Zapateira, 15071 A Coruña, Spain;1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-175, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran;1. Department of Chemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 19395-1775, Tehran, Iran;2. Department of Chemistry, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran |
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| Abstract: | Piperidine-4-carboxylic acid (PPCA) functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a novel organic–inorganic hybrid heterogeneous catalyst was fabricated and characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, TEM and VSM techniques. Composition was determined as Fe3O4, while particles were observed to have spherical morphology. Size estimations using X-ray line profile fitting (10 nm), TEM (11 nm) and magnetization fitting (9 nm) agree well, revealing nearly single crystalline character of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Magnetization measurements reveal that PPCA functionalized Fe3O4 NPs have superparamagnetic features, namely immeasurable coercivity and absence of saturation. Small coercivity is established at low temperatures. The catalytic activity of Fe3O4–PPCA was probed through one-pot synthesis of nitro alkenes through Knoevenagel reaction in CH2Cl2 at room temperature. The heterogeneous catalyst showed very high conversion rates (97%) and could be recovered easily and reused many times without significant loss of its catalytic activity. |
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