原位生成纳米SiO_2及其作为填料对聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料性能的影响

通过选择适当的乳化剂和水解温度以及控制水对于乳化剂的摩尔比,采用油包水微乳液法在聚醚多元醇中原位合成了纳米SiO2,然后该聚醚多元醇进一步与TDI反应制备出聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料。TEM照片显示原位合成的SiO2微粒呈球状且分散,粒径分布在50nm-70nm。该聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料的吸水率,随着SiO2填加量的增加,先升高随后又降低。因为原位生成纳米SiO2的加入,聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料的拉伸强度得到显著提高,冲击强度缓慢增大,而对于压缩强度则先轻微降低,一直到SiO2的含量为0.9wt%时才开始急剧增大。

In-site Generating Nano Silicon Dioxide and Its Effect as Filler on Properties of Polyurethane Rigid Foam

Nano silicon dioxide was in-site synthesized by using of water-in-oil microemulsion method in polyether polyol through controlling molar ratio of water to emulsifier and selecting moderate hydrolysis temperature, and the polyether polyol was further reacted with TDI to prepare polyurethane rigid foam plastic. TEM photograph indicated that silicon dioxide particles were spherical, dispersed and the particle size distribution was in the range of 50-70nm. Water absorption of polyurethane rigid foams, with the increase of silicon dioxide filler, first increased, and then decreased. Due to filling with in-site generating nano-silicon dioxide, tensile strength of foams is markedly increased, impact strength is increase slowly, but for the compression strength, it first decreases slightly until the content of silicon dioxide is to be 0.9 wt%, then increases rapidly.