钻井废弃泥浆土壤化实验研究

为了解决目前废弃泥浆固化处理后占用大量土地资源且存在着环境污染隐患的实际问题,开展了钻井废弃泥浆土地资源化的研究。根据钻井废弃泥浆的特点和土壤环境质量标准(GB15618—1995)的要求,将废弃泥浆中的污染物进行固定化处理,使其不向水环境转移;然后将处理后的泥浆与经过选定的富含微生物的土壤混合,泥浆中污染物降解后余下的固相成分(膨润土等)转化为土壤资源。对固定污染物药剂的用量、泥浆与土壤混合比例等条件进行了实验,并进行了大豆发芽实验。实验结果表明:泥浆中固定污染物药剂加量在20g/L以上时,可以有效固定其中的污染物,其浸出液中COD和SS浓度能达到GB8978—1996中的一级标准,固相物可以达到土壤环境质量一级标准;处理后的泥浆与土壤比例等达到1∶2时,对大豆发芽率没有明显不利影响。结论认为:通过该方法将钻井废弃泥浆转化为土壤资源是可行的,开发了一种废弃泥浆处理的新方法。

An experimental study of the deserted drilling mud transformed into soil resources

In order to solve the problems of disposing the waste drilling mud like a large quantity of land resources being occupied and hidden dangers in surrounding environment, an experimental study was made on the deserted drilling mud used as soil resources. According to the features of the waste mud and the requirement of the soil environmental quality standard GB 15618 1995, the pollutants in the waste was first solidified, thus being prevented from migrating to the water environment; then the disposed waste mud was mixed with the selected soil which contained rich microorganisms; finally the solid components left by the decomposition of the pollutants in the waste mud such as bentonite were transformed into the harmless soil. After that, experiments were carried out on the acceptable addition amount of the solidified agent and the proper proportion of the disposed waste mud and the selected soil, and these were performed by tests on soybean sprout growth. The experimental results show that ①the pollutants in the waste mud will be solidified under the condition that the acceptable addition amount of the solidified agent is above 20 g/L, while the concentration of COD and SS in the leaching solution can be the Level One by the GB8978 1996 standard, and the solid substance can be the Level One by the soil environmental quality standard GB 15618 1995; ②no obvious bad effect can be seen on the soybean sprout growth if the ratio between the disposed waste mud and the selected soil is 1∶2. This study proves that this experimental method is feasible for turning the deserted drilling mud into useful soil resources, providing a new means for the waste drilling mud disposal.