日本JCO公司核临界事故的分析与评价

本文介绍了日本JCO公司核临界事故的背景、事故过程、所采取的应急措施等事故情况以及事故的辐射后果。文中还给出了对这起事故直接原因和根本原因的分析以及一些主要结论和看法。这起事故的直接原因是未采用几何临界安全设备及工人的违规操作。而根本原因在于缺乏有效的技术管理。因此，必须充分重视核燃料循环设施中的临界安全问题，提高管理人员和运行人员的安全文化素质。

ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE NUCLEARCRITICALITY ACCIDENT IN JCO CO. LTD IN JAPAN

This paper describes JCO criticality accident situation including the background,process chronology and emergency countermeasures taken of the accident and its radiation consequence. The analysis about the direct and root causes of the accident and some conclusions are also showed in this paper. The direct cause of the accident is the use of geometrically unsafe process equipment and personnel violation. However,the root cause is lack of efficient technical management. Therefore, it is necessary to emphasize the criticality safety in nuclear fuel cycle installations and enhance safety culture of regulatory and operational personnel. (