东大岗地区水资源问题及对策

南阳市东大岗地区为重度资源型缺水地区,出现了工程性缺水、水土流失、区域地下水位下降并形成降落漏斗、地裂缝、水质变坏、水资源管理滞后等问题。为解决水资源问题,一是大力发展蓄水工程,二是大力发展节水农业技术、耕作技术,三是加强水资源管理,建立以供定用的水资源供需关系。根据水资源供需平衡分析,到2010年,平水年可利用水量为49387×104m3,在满足工业、生活和生态用水情况下,其余水量可灌溉土地面积8.48×104hm2,仍缺水15783×104m3;这必须从区外调水来解决。若采取节水措施,即使农业灌溉定额维持在1998年的标准,在2010年可节约农业用水7367×104m3,又可灌溉农田2.98×104hm2,使农业灌溉面积达到总耕地面积的86%。

Problems and Countermeasures of Water Resources in Dongdagang Area

Dongdagang Area in Nanyang City is a bad water shortage area,where some problems arose such as the engineering-oriented water shortage,soil and water loss, groundwater drawdown to shape the depression cones, ground crack,water quality changing for the worse, lag of water resource management and so on. In order to solve these questions,some measures must be used as follows:firstly, vigorously developing the water storage projects;secondly,vigorously developing the water-saving agriculture and tillage technology;thirdly, enhancing the management for water resources and establishing the relationship of supply and demand of water resource. Based on the analysis of the supply and demand balance of water resource, the available water volume in normal year will be 49 387×10~4 m~3 in 2010. At that time,8.48×10~4 hm~2 of the land area may be irrigated under the condition of meeting the demands of water supply in the industrial,domestic and ecological water, the amount of water shortage will still be 15 783×10~4 m~3 and it will be solved by water transfer project. If the water-saving measures will be adopted that the agricultural irrigation quota will be kept in the standard in 1998, (7 367)×10~4 m~3 of the agricultural water amount will be saved and 2.98×10~4 hm~2 of farmland will be irrigated to make the agricultural irrigation area reach to 86% of the total farmland in 2010.