灰色预测PID模型的建筑构件耐火试验炉控制系统

为解决建筑构件耐火试验炉中的温度、压力控制对象的惯性大、滞后强与复杂非线性等问题,同时使得建筑构件耐火试验炉中火灾模拟具有较高的精确性和样品温度测量具有较高的可靠性,设计了一种基于灰色预测PID模型的控制系统.文中对耐火试验炉火灾温度控制曲线进行公式化的描述,重点阐述了灰色预测的GM（1,1）模型的算法内容与检验要求,结合PID算法的优点设计出自调节超前控制的灰色预测PID算法控制原理结构.完整地给出了系统的硬件结构模块组成与软件功能层次图.通过实际的试验炉运行本系统表明,基于灰色预测PID模型开发的系统控制精度能够达到95.5%,提高了火灾模拟的品质和试验数据的可靠性.

Control System of Fire Test Furnace for Building Elements Based on Gray Prediction PID Model

In order to solve many problems,such as big inertia of temperature and pressure control object,strong hysterics and complex nonlinearity in the test furnace,and to improve accuracy of fire simulation and reliability of sample temperature in the fire test furnace for building elements.A control system based on gray prediction PID model is studied and designed.Fire temperature control curve of the fire resistance test furnace is described in the form of stereotyping.Furthermore the algorithm content and the inspection requirement of the gray prediction GM（1,1） model are illustrated clearly.At the same time,combined with the advantages and characteristics of the PID algorithm,the structure of the self-adjusting gray prediction PID control algorithm is designed.Finally the hardware structure of system and function hierarchy of software modules are described in detail.The actual operation shows that the system,which is developed based on gray prediction PID model,has high control accuracy of prediction,and it improves the quality and reliability of fire simulation test data.