中国矿权使用费探析

矿产资源法中规定对矿业权人征收矿权使用费是我国矿产资源有偿取得制度的组成部分。学者们对于这项制度的合理性众说纷纭。本文从矿权使用费的性质入手，对于中国的矿权使用费制度进行探析，认为矿地使用权并非是矿产资源所有权派生出的用益物权，而是与矿业权相关的土地的用益物权。因此，矿权使用费实际是矿地使用费。矿地使用权应当根据其权源不同，从土地的所有人或土地的使用权人处取得，矿地使用费的确定也应由土地的所有人或土地使用权人与矿地使用权人通过出让、协商等多种方式确定，正确处理相关权利之间的关系。

USE FEE OF MINING RIGHTS IN CHINA

According to the Mineral resources law, the use fee of mining rights must be charged from the owners. However, scholars can not reach an agreement on the rationality. This paper, based on the nature of use fee of mining rights, discusses the system, presents that the mining rights are usufructuary rights derived from the lands, rather than usufructuary rights derived from the right of mineral resources ownership. Therefore, mining rights use fee covers the land and mineral resources. According to the different ownership, the land ownership can be attained from the land owners, the fee can be determined through the land owners or land users by negotiation. The related rights and relationships should be handled properly.