汽车前纵梁薄壁结构碰撞仿真及优化设计研究

针对前纵梁现有结构吸能特性的不足,对其结构进行了改进,使前纵梁在正面碰撞过程中吸收更多能量。根据前纵梁板厚、焊点的间距及焊点大小等设计参数,建立了前纵梁正面碰撞的有限元模型。采用HyperMesh和LS-DYNA软件,对前纵梁碰撞过程进行了模拟仿真。通过加诱导槽及加加强板的方式,对前纵梁结构进行了优化。研究结果表明,优化后的前纵梁单位质量吸收的能量提高了63.3%。通过该方法使前纵梁提高了吸能特性,降低了车辆碰撞对乘客造成的损害。

Crash simulation and structure optimization of a thin-walled front longitudinal beam structure

Aiming at the shortage of energy absorption characteristic, the existing structure of the front longeron was improved so that more energy absorbed by a front longeron in the process of frontal crash. According to the design parameters of the front longeron, such as thickness, spot weldpitch and spot diameter, etc., the finite element model of the front longeron was established. The impact procession of front longeron was simulated by HyperMesh and LS-DYNA. The structure was improved by adding induced slot and adding reinforcement plate. The results indicate that, the optimized front longeron unit mass absorbed energy increased by 63.3%. Through this method, front longeron improves the energy absorption characteristics,thus reduces the damage caused by collision.