新型双轴跟踪光伏发电技术

  [目的]  为了克服传统光伏发电能源利用率低、经济性差的问题，特别是水面光伏固定困难，需探索一种新型的双轴跟踪光伏发电技术。  [方法]  新型地面和水面双轴跟踪光伏发电技术，在类似于塔吊的钢桁架构成的、以固定圆心做极其缓慢转动的大圆盘上布置平单轴光伏阵列。从光伏阵列布置入手，分析了新型双轴跟踪在土地资源占用和能源利用率的特点，进而对该新型系统较传统光伏发电系统的发电量增加和成本增量作技术经济性分析。  [结果]  新型双轴跟踪技术节约土地资料，为传统双轴跟踪式占地面积50%左右，提高单位面积能源利用率。增加发电量，双轴跟踪式相较于固定式增加35%～45%，水面光伏再增加6%～15%。电能输出更加平稳，双轴跟踪式光伏发电很快进入平稳期，电能输出更加平稳。提高了经济性，新型双轴跟踪，所有光伏板同步转动，只需要一个方位角和一个高度角检测装置，方位角跟踪也只需要一套驱动装置；高度角跟踪可以分区域集中供电驱动，相对节省成本。技术经济指标更优，特别是相较于传统水面光伏有明显改善。运营维护方便，采用龙门吊门型架结构，在等间距的钢桁架上前后、左右、上下移动方便进行检修和清洗。  [结论]  提出的新型双轴跟踪系统在经济性、电源输出平稳性和运维简易性上有巨大优势，通过分析对比可以看出该系统具有很强的推广前景。

New Model of Dual-axis Tracking Photovoltaic Power Generation Technology

  [Introduction]  To develop the technical and economical efficiency of traditional photovoltaic (PV) power generation, new type dual-axis tracking PV power generation technology is proposed, that focuses on the solution to the fixed PV on water surface.  [Method]  A new type of ground and water-based dual-axis tracking PV power generation technology was provided, where single-axis PV arrays were arranged on a large disc supported by trusswork structure, and rotated very slowly with a fixed center.Based on the layout of PV array, the land and energy utilization of this new system were analyzed. Moreover, compared with the traditional PV, the technical and economic analysis, which indicated the increasing of power generation and cost of the new system, was achieved.  [Result]  The new dual-axis tracking system conserve land, which would only cover about 50% of the area for the traditional dual-axis tracking technology.The proposal system increases power generation. The dual-axis tracking type system increases by 35%~45% compared with the fixed PV system. The water surface PV will increase by another 6%~15%.Stable period of power generation could be achieved fastly.Only one azimuth and altitude angle detection device are needed for new dual-axis tracking system. One driven device could satisfy the azimuth angle tracking and altitude angle tracking system could be driven by centralized power supply in different regions. The technical and economic indicators are better, especially compared with the traditional water surface PV system.Easy operation and maintenance could be available. Gantry crane frame structure is adopted, and it is convenient to repair and clean the steel truss with equal spacing moving forward, backward, left and right, up and down.  [Conclusion]  The new dual-axis tracking system is more economical, power generation more stable and more convenient maintanence, which could have popularization prospect.