岩盐矿区水溶开采涌突水成因分析体系初探——以南方某矿区为例

岩盐矿物的开采多利用其易溶于水的特性以水溶开采法为主,此方法在开采过程中易发生涌突水事故,影响生产进程、破坏地下水环境、威胁居民用水安全。目前对于岩盐矿区水溶开采相关研究多集中在开采理论和方法上,鲜有针对诱发涌突水事故成因分析的研究。在此背景下,作者在完成南方某岩盐矿事故调查分析基础上,并收集参考了多个相关领域事故成因分析,归纳总结了溶腔稳定性、地质因素、工程因素、腐蚀因素等四大岩盐矿区涌突水影响因素,通过对开采初期单因素间的逻辑关系分析认识,总结四种诱发反应链分析思路,对事故作综合分析论述,构建了"单因素分析→诱发反应链分析→综合分析"岩盐矿区涌突水成因多级分析体系,并采用多级分析方法对南方某岩盐矿区涌突水事故进行综合分析,以期在一定程度上丰富岩盐矿区水溶开采涌突水成因分析体系,同时为解决其他盐类矿山出现的此类问题提供参考案例。

Genetic analysis system of water inrush in the rock salt mining area:a case study of a mining area in the southern China

As salt minerals are easily dissolved in water, solution mining method is commonly adopted for salt minerals mining. Water inrush is more common during the mining, affects the production process, destroys the environment of groundwater and poses a threat to resident drinking water security. At present, the research of solution mining in rock salt mining area mainly focus on theories and methods rather than genesis analysis of water inrush. In this background, the author surveys and analyzes a water inrush of rock-salt mine in south area and consults genesis analysis of accidents in some related research fields, then summarized four factors affecting water inrush in rock salt mining area including stability of cavern, geological factors, engineering factors and corrosion factors. Through analyzing the logical relationship between the single factors during early exploitation, summarizing four kinds of evoked response chain analysis methods, building multilevel analysis system, "single factor analysis - evoked response chain analysis - comprehensive analysis", towards genesis analysis of water inrush in rock salt mining area. In this paper, the system is used to comprehensively analyze the cause of water inrush in salt mining area in the south of China, expecting to enrich the analysis systems and provide reference for solving such problems in other salt mine area at the same time.