Effect of crystal orientation on freeze concentration of solutions |
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| Authors: | Seiji Okawa Tetsuya Ito Akio Saito |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China;2. School of Engineering and Informatics, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, Bradford BD7 1DP, UK;3. Fujian Province Key Lab of Energy Cleaning Utilization and Development, Jimei University, China;4. Cleaning Combustion and Energy Utilization Research Center of Fujian Province, Jimei University, China;1. Engineering Faculty, Universidad de La Sabana, Campus Universitario del Puente del Común, Km 7 Autopista Norte de Bogotá, 250001 Chía, Cundinamarca, Colombia;2. Agri-Food Engineering and Biotechnology Department, Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña (UPC), C/Esteve Terradas, 8, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Freeze concentration is one of the methods to concentrate solution by making pure ice in the solution. In general, the ratio of condensation is focused on, and so the research on the concentration captured in ice is very limited. However, quality improvement of eliminating impurities from wastewater is a very important task. In this study, the difference of initial morphology of ice was focused on and the influence on the freeze concentration was studied. It was found that the concentration of solute captured in ice was in the following order, from bigger value, multi-crystal ice, a single crystal ice with growth direction in a-axis and a single crystal ice with growth direction in c-axis. It was clarified that the ratio of concentration between the solute captured in ice and the solute in the mother solution varied from 1/10 to 1/250, depending on the crystal orientation of the ice. |
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