离子型稀土矿浸出过程主要物质浸出规律研究

采用柱浸法研究硫酸铵浸取离子型稀土矿过程中水、稀土、硫酸铵及其他杂质离子的浸出规律. 研究表明，离子型稀土矿矿土对水有较强的吸附能力，浸矿后，矿土的含水率由17.74 %增加到33.7 %.浸出过程中，稀土浸出率可达99.98 %，杂质中Al3+浸出量比较大，SiO₃2-浸出量较小，而Fe3+几乎不浸出，各离子的浸出先后顺序为:SiO₃2-、RE3+、Al3+、Fe3+，杂质Al3+的浸出略滞后于稀土的浸出. Al3+、Fe3+浓度达到峰值时，pH值最低，随着浸矿剂和顶水的加入，浸出液的pH值开始上升，直至达到硫酸铵溶液的pH值和顶水的pH值. 

Study of leaching behaviors of main materials in ionic rare earth ore

The leaching behaviors of water, RE, ammonium sulfate and other foreign ions were investigated by using the column leaching method with the leaching agent of ammonium sulfate. The results show that ionic rare earth ore has relatively strong adsorption for water which made the contents of water increased from 17.74 %to 33.7%. The leaching rate of RE is 99.98%. For impurities ,the leaching amounts of the Al3+is relatively large, the SiO32- is smaller, but the Fe3+is almost no leaching and the leaching order of the ions is followed as SiO32-, RE3+, Al3+, Fe3+. When the concentration of Al3+and Fe3+reach to the peak, the lowest pH value of the leachate is obtained. However, with the addition of the leaching agent and water, the pH value are raised up, until run up to the pH value of the ammonium sulfate solution and the water.