模拟酸雨对赣南稀土矿淋滤实验研究

采用模拟土柱淋滤实验研究酸雨条件下浸矿土壤和尾矿土壤中氮化物的迁移.选取有机玻璃管为试验柱，模拟酸雨淋滤液pH为5.4~5.6，测量两类土壤中NH₄+-N、NO₃--N、有效氮含量，实验结果表明:稀土土壤对铵态氮有一定截留作用，铵态氮流失是导致矿区土壤及周边水环境污染的主要原因；铵态氮在两类土壤的含量随着淋洗量增加而逐渐减少；硝态氮在两类土壤的含量随着淋洗量增加呈现先减少至最低再有所回升，且受土壤pH和土壤埋深影响；有效氮在两类土壤中的迁移特征与铵态氮相似. 实验研究为有效控制赣南稀土矿土壤污染和水体污染提供理论基础. 

Leaching experiments on rare earth ore in Southern Jiangxi under condition of simulated acid rain

The leaching mine and tailings migration of nitrogen in the soil were studied by simulation of soil column and leaching experiment under the condition of acid rain. The organic glass tube was chosen for testing column, the pH value of acid rain drench filtrate was simulated at 5.4~5.6, and the two types of NH4+-N, NO3--N, and effective nitrogen content in the soil were measured. The experimental results show that the rare earth soil play a certain role in entrapment of ammonia nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen loss, which is the main cause of water pollution in mining area and the surrounding soil. Ammonia nitrogen in the two types of the content of the soil reduce gradually as the elution volume increases. The NO3--N in the two types of the content of soil re-duce to a minimum first then recovered with elution volume rendering increase, and it is affected by soil pH and soil depth. The characteristics of effective nitrogen migration in two kinds of soil are similar to ammonia nitrogen. Experimental study provides the theoretical foundation for the effective control soil pollution and wa-ter pollution of the rare earth ores in Southern Jiangxi.