Relaxor based ferroelectric single crystals for electro-mechanical actuators |
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| Authors: | S-E Park Thomas R Shrout |
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| Affiliation: | (1) 259 Materials Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA e-mail: sxp37@psu.edu, US;(2) 150 Materials Research Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA, US |
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| Abstract: | The piezoelectric properties of relaxor based ferroelectric single crystals, such as Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3−PbTiO3 (PZN-PT) and Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) were investigated for electromechanical actuators. In contrast to polycrystalline materials such as Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZTs), morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) compositions were not essential for high piezoelectric strain. Piezoelectric coefficients
(d33’s ) >2200 pC/N and subsequent strain levels up to >0.5% with minimal hysteresis were observed. Crystallographically, high
strains are achieved for <001> oriented rhombohedral crystals, though <111> is the polar direction. Ultrahigh strain levels
up to 1.7%, an order of magnitude larger than those available from conventional piezoelectric and electrostrictive ceramics
could be achieved, possibly being related to an E-field induced phase transformation. High electromechanical coupling (k33) >90% and low dielectric loss <1%, along with large strain make these crystals promising candidates for high performance
solid state actuators.
Received: 2 January 1997 / Accepted: 27 March 1997 |
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| Keywords: | Relaxor ferroelectrics Single crystal Actuator Piezoelectrics Hysteresis |
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