仪器分析方法与分析仪器主要特点及发展现状综述

分析仪器种类繁多，有光分析仪器、电化学分析仪器、色谱分析仪器、质谱分析仪器、磁分析仪器、热分析仪器、物性分析仪器、核分析仪器等，并且每年都不断有新的分析仪器问世。每种分析仪器都建立了相应的分析方法。据统计，20世纪40-60年代，分析方法的检出限平均每10年下降4个数量级，在20世纪60—80年代，平均每10年下降2个数量级，发展速度非常快。不同类型的分析仪器基于不同的物理、化学原理，有着不同的仪器结构、性能、特点及应用领域。

The summarize of major characterize and developing actuality about instrument analysis methods and analysis instruments

There a lot of analysis instruments and analysis methods today. Which are analysis instruments of spectrum, electrochemistry, chromatography ,mass spectrum ,magnetism ,thermal ,nucleus ,and so on .Each type of analysis instrument has already built its analysis method. In the 20 century 1940s - 1960s ,there were many new analysis instruments putting in market in average of decade ,which the detection limit of analysis methods reduced nearly ten thousand times than before; In the 20 century 1960s - 1980s,the detection limit had reduced 100 times than before in average of decade. The development of analysis instruments and analysis methods is very fast.