Insights into evolutionary trends in molecular biology tools in microbial screening for biohydrogen production through dark fermentation |
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Authors: | Gopalakrishnan Kumar Si-Kyung Cho Periyasamy Sivagurunathan Parthiban Anburajan Durga Madhab Mahapatra Jeong-Hoon Park Arivalagan Pugazhendhi |
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Affiliation: | 1. Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Box 8600 Forus, 4036, Stavanger, Norway;2. Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Dongguk University, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea;3. Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam;4. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea;5. Department of Biological and Ecological Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331-3906, United States;6. Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Anam-Dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea;7. Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam |
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Abstract: | Access to clean energy is vital to combat global warming and climate change, and nothing but hydrogen could better deliver it with ease to secure future energy needs. Biohydrogen could be produced in different routes including photolysis, water-gas shift reaction, dark, photo-fermentation and combination of both. Dark fermentative hydrogen production (DFHP) is efficient in comparison with photo-fermentation and utilizing organic waste ensures land usage and water for agriculture. Several microbes are involved in the process of biohydrogen production via dark fermentation and characterizing them at molecular level unveils holistic approach and understanding. Limited resources were available in terms of molecular tools for microbial characterization and this paper attempts to review the evolution of advanced molecular techniques including their merits and demerits. Understanding the composition of micro-flora is important in DFHP and could be classified as pure, co-cultures, enriched mixed cultures and mixed microbiota. These cultures act as seed sources for batch and continuous fermentations that help in understanding the efficiency of these methods. The schematics and systematic assessment of the various molecular tools (cloning, PCR-DGGE, FISH, NGS, CE-SSCP) for quantification, identification, detection and characterization of the microbial cell activity have been elaborated. Lastly, a comparative tabulation recapitulates the merits and drawbacks of each technique discussed. This provides valued information for choosing the right kind of microbial and molecular assessment tool for future characterization. Such analysis aids in suitable identification and characterization of microflora as potential biocatalysts for biohydrogen production through dark fermentation. |
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Keywords: | Biohydrogen Organic waste Microbiome Molecular methodologies Dark fermentation Continuous systems |
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