黄河下游洪水期沙峰滞后特性研究

简要分析了黄河水沙异源的情况，指出沙峰滞后、洪峰与沙峰不同步是造成黄河下游涨冲落淤和小水大灾的主要原因。根据小浪底下游各站沙峰均滞后于洪峰的35场洪水，对沙峰滞后于洪峰的特性进行了剖析，建立了小浪底、花园口、夹河滩、高村、孙口、艾山、利津各河段沙峰滞后时间与上站洪峰流量、沙峰含沙量、洪水传播速度、悬移质泥沙群体沉速之间的回归方程，可以用来查补延长沙峰滞后时间，为下游各站沙峰传播时间的准确预报提供依据。

Study on Characteristics of Sediment Peak Delay in Flood Season of the Lower Yellow River

The paper briefly analyzes the situation of different sources of water and sediment and points out that the delay of sediment peak,asynchronies of flood peak and sediment peak are the main reasons of scouring as water rising and depositing as falling and even a small flood causing serious disaster in the lower Yellow River.According to all the sediment peaks of 35 floods observed at each station on the downstream of Xiaolangdi,it analyzes the characteristic of delayed sediment peak and establishes a regression equation between sediment peak lag time for each section of Xiaolangdi,Huayuankou,Jiahetan,Gaocun,Sunkou,Aishan and Lijin and peak discharge,sediment concentration of the peak,flood propagation velocity and fall velocity of suspended load of the previous station,which can search,make up and extend sediment peak lag time and provide a basis for accurate forecasting on sediment peak travel time of each station on the lower Yellow River.