共享电动车电池配送问题研究

共享电动车电池的配送方案关系到用户的切身体验和企业利益。为制定最优配送方案,真正打通人们出行的“最后一公里”,本文考虑企业对成本的要求和用户对时效性的要求,以总配送成本最小以及用户满意度最高为目标建立了一个带软时间窗的车辆路径问题模型,利用扫描法和基于最佳路径成本的交叉算子改进了传统遗传算法,用算例验证了模型与改进算法的有效性,并通过数值实验找出了种群大小、迭代次数与最优解之间的相关关系。

A Research on Distribution Problem of Electric Bicycle-sharing Batteries

The distribution plan of electric bicycle-sharing batteries has a great impact on the users' immediate experience and the interests of the company. In order to develop an optimal distribution scheme and truly get through "the last mile" of people's travel, the requirements of enterprises for the distribution cost and the users' requirements for timeliness are considered, and a model of vehicle routing problem with soft time windows with objectives of minimizing the total distribution cost and maximizing user satisfaction is established. Then the traditional genetic algorithm is improved by sweep algorithm and the crossover operator based on the cost of optimal path. Finally, an example is adopted to verify that this model and the improved algorithm are effective. And the correlation between population size, iteration number and optimal solution is found by numerical experiments.