徐州市矿山地质灾害现状与防治对策研究

通过对徐州市422个矿山地质环境现状分析，根据开采矿种、开采方式的不同，地质灾害表现形式不同，总结了不同矿种发生地质灾害的分布、规模和诱发条件。结果表明:煤、铁、石膏矿开采主要引发采空区地面塌陷，露采矿山主要为崩塌、滑坡，岩盐、矿泉水的开采基本不会诱发地质灾害。根据地质灾害现状，开展矿山综合治理，提出露采矿山采用工程消险、点缀覆绿、土地整治、应景改造、景观再造、地质遗迹、自然恢复和综合整治8种主要治理模式；地下矿山主要采用土地复垦、生态修复、建设再利用、浅水种植养殖和综合利用5种模式进行治理，对切实转变徐州市矿山开采现状、促进矿山生态环境向好转变具有积极意义。

Study on current situation of mine geological disasters and countermeasures for prevention and control in Xuzhou City

Based on analysis of the geological environment of 422 mines in Xuzhou，the distribution，scale and inducing conditions of geological hazards in different mines were summarized according to different mining types and modes and different manifestations of geological hazards.The results showed that the mining of coal，iron and gypsum mainly caused the surface collapse of goaf，while the open-pit mining mainly caused collapse and landslide.The mining of rock salt and mineral water will not induce geological hazards.According to the present situation of geological hazards，comprehensive management of mines was carried out.Eight main control modes were proposed for open-pit mines，including engineering risk elimination，decoration and greening，land renovation，situational transformation，landscape reconstruction，geological relics，natural restoration and comprehensive renovation； and for underground mines，land reclamation，ecological restoration，construction reuse and shallow water were mainly adopted.Five modes of cultivation，aquaculture and comprehensive utilization for harnessing were of positive significance for effectively transforming the current situation of mining in Xuzhou City and promoting the improvement of mine ecological environment.