矿井群冲击地压发生机理与控制技术探讨

大型地质体控制下，相邻矿井开采过程中时常发生冲击地压。为研究大型断层和巨厚砾岩层顶板条件下两个相邻矿井间相邻工作面开采过程中冲击地压的发生机理，以义马矿区跃进矿23070工作面和常村矿21220工作面为实际工程背景，对两工作面回采期间冲击显现特征和微震事件时空演化及能量特征展开现场实测分析，并对井间覆岩结构应力分布开展理论分析和数值模拟。研究结果表明，义马矿区F16逆冲断层的活化运动和巨厚砾岩层的整体控制作用，为冲击地压的孕灾提供了力源条件，井间相邻工作面同时回采期间，采空区上覆岩梁与井间煤岩柱系统构成“非对称T形”结构，21220工作面煤体冲击导致应力转移至井间煤柱和23070工作面，从而诱发23070工作面冲击;井间开采扰动导致应力转移并诱发冲击地压，与滞后开采工作面初始冲击强度及推进长度具有密切关系;基于理论与工程实测结果，提出了以弱化矿井间高应力传递的结构链为核心的井间“弱链增耗”防冲技术。为巨厚砾岩层顶板矿井群开采条件下相邻矿井工作面冲击地压发生机理及控制技术的研究提供理论基础。

Discussion on the mechanism and control of coal bump among mine group

Coal bump often occurs in the mining process between two adjacent mines under the control of large geological bodies.In order to study the coal bump mechanism between adjacent working faces of two adjacent coal mines under the condition of large fault and huge thick overburden conglomerate,this paper investigates the 23070 working face at Yuejin coal mine and the 21220 working face at Changcun coal mine in China.The analyses of monitoring data are carried out on the characteristics of coal bump behavior,microseismic spatio temporal evolution and microseismic energy.Furthermore,the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of stress distribution of overburden structure during the mining process of two working faces are conducted.The results show that the activation of F16 thrust fault and overall control of massive conglomerates in Yima mining area provide the stress conditions for coal bump.During the mining process of two mines’ adjacent working faces,the “asymmetric T shaped” structure is formed between the rock beam above the goaf and coal rock pillar between two mines.The coal bump around the 21220 working face leads to the stress transfer onto the two mines’ pillar and the 23070 working face,which induces the coal bump around the 23070 working face.Mining disturbance between two mines leads to stress transfer and induces rock burst,which is closely related to the initial bump intensity and mining length of later working face.Finally,based on theory and engineering monitoring,a coal bump controlling technique with Chain weakening and consumption increasing between two coal mines is put forward,which regards the weakening of the structural chain of high stress transfer as core.The results provide a theoretical basis for the study on the mechanism and control of coal bump between two adjacent working faces in two adjacent mines.