生活污水分类收集处理的探讨

对上海市某小区开展了连续12个月的分类排水的调查分析,目的是为生活污水源分离、分质处理与回用提供技术支持。研究表明,我国南方地区的黑水、灰水、厨房废水、洗浴废水的水质特点突出,随时间和季节性的变化趋势明显。黑水中的主要污染物浓度最高,洗浴废水最低;除了洗浴废水的可生化性较差外,其他种类的废水可生化性较好,B/C值达到0.4左右。研究认为,我国北方地区可将厨房废水归类为灰水,与盥洗、洗浴、洗衣等污水混合排放和处理;南方地区的厨房废水可纳入黑水管道一并收集、处理和资源化利用。

Discussion on Categorized Collection and Quality-based Treatment of Domestic Sewage

An investigation on categorized discharge of domestic sewage was made in a residential area in Shanghai for a continuous period of 12 months to provide technical support for source separation, quality-based treatment and reuse of domestic sewage. The results show that the qualities of black water, gray water, kitchen sewage and bath sewage in Southern China have prominent characteristics and obvious change tendencies in one day and different seasons. The concentrations of major pollutants in black water are the highest, kitchen sewage is the second, and bath sewage is the lowest. Except bath sewage, other sewages have good biodegradability, of which the B/C is about 0.4. It is suggested that kitchen sewage can be categorized into gray water in Northern China, which can be discharged and treated together with washing sewage, bath sewage and clothes washing sewage, however, in Southern China, kitchen sewage can be discharged into black water sewer for collection, treatment and reuse.