现代显微成像技术综述

概述了光学宽视场显微镜、共聚焦显微镜、超分辨率显微镜中所应用的现代显微成像技术,对各种传统和先进的显微成像原理进行了总结。光学宽视场显微镜最常用的显微技术有明场成像、暗场成像、相衬成像、偏光成像、微分干涉(DIC)成像、调制对比成像和荧光成像。相衬成像中根据不同的成像结构还有切趾相衬成像。微分干涉除了传统的偏振光照明还有圆偏振光照明(C-DIC)和专用于塑料的微分干涉(PlasDIC)。共聚焦显微镜随着计算机技术和制造技术的发展而有了巨大的发展。除了传统的共聚焦荧光显微镜以外,还有连续反斯托克斯拉曼散射(CARS)共聚焦、多光子共聚焦和白光共聚焦。超分辨率显微镜中主要介绍了受激辐射淬灭(STED)技术和紧随基态淬灭显微技术的单分子返回(GSDIM)技术。

Imaging technology in modern microsystems

The imaging technology in modern microscope for widefield microscope, confocal microscope and super-resolution microscope is outlined here. The most frequently-used technology in the widefield microscope is brightfield, darkfield, phase contrast, polarization, DIC, modulation contrast and fluorescence. In phase contrast, there is also apodized phase contrast. In addition, DIC, C-DIC and PlasDIC are also presented. Confocal microscope is developed greatly with the development of computer and manufacture technology. Besides conventional confocal system, the principle of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering(CARS) confocal,multi-photo confocal, white confocal are also explained in detail. As for super-resolution microscope, the principle of stimulated emission depletion(STED) and ground state depletion microscopy followed by individual molecule return(GSDIM) are clarified.