提高多节理裂隙矿岩爆破质量的探讨

三山岛金矿仓上矿区为中、低温热液充填交代破碎带蚀变岩型金矿床，节理裂隙比较复杂。由于岩石不稳固，爆破时，乳化炸药的爆轰波遇到节理裂隙等构造后，迅速反射衰减，不但使大块率增加，而且增加了损失贫化。因此，根据露天采场的实际情况，从理论和实践7个方面，分析了多节理裂隙矿岩爆破产生挡墙、孤岛、根底和大块的原因，并提出了相应的解决办法。通过改变炸药类型、穿孔方向和起爆方式等，使大块率由11%降低到1%，铲装效率提高21.2%，使选矿厂在不增加任何设备的前提下，平均每天比原来多处理矿量10%，其经济效益相当显著，对于类似的矿山具有普遍的指导意义。

Discussion on the Enhancement of Blasting Quality for Multi-jointed Fracture Ore-rock

Cangshang mining district of Sanshandao gold mine is an alteration-type gold deposit formed in low-middle tempreture hydrotheromal filling riftzone,whose fissure is rather complex.Rocks are so unstable that once detonation wave of emulsion explosive run into these structures,echoattenuation comes into being,resulted in the increases of boulder frequency as well as loss dilution.From seven aspects of theory and practice,the reason of revetment,islet,bedrock and block produced in explosive of fissure ore-rock with multiple joints was analyzed based on the physical situation in excavation plant.Appropriate solution was proposed by changing the explosice metarials type,perforation direction,and the detonation way.The boulder frequency was decreased from 11% to 1%,and the loading efficiency increased by 21.2%.The 10% of processing ore amount was more than that original without any additional devices,which can bring significant economic benefits,and is of general significance.