萝北云山石墨矿床风化带中石墨矿石的矿物学特征

在系统采集风化蚀变带中石墨矿石样品的基础上，对不同层位中不同风化程度石墨矿石样品进行了化学成分、矿物组成、结构构造、矿物共伴生关系、石墨结构等较为系统的研究。结果表明：矿石的主要化学组成除C外，还含有SiO2、Al2O3、K2O、Fe2O3、MgO、TiO2等；脉石矿物有石英、云母（黑云母和白云母）、绿泥石、黄铁矿、绿帘石、斜黝帘石、褐铁矿等；层位越靠近地表，矿石中黏土矿物含量越高，矿物组成越复杂；石墨呈鳞片状、叶片状嵌布在脉石矿物之间，片径大小一般在0.05~1.5 mm，个别大者为3~5 mm；随着风化程度的加深，石墨化度（r）逐渐减小，石墨的结构缺陷逐渐增强，结构有序度降低。

Study on Mineralogy Characteristics of Graphite in Weathering Zone of Yunshan Graphite Deposit in Luobei

Weathering alteration may affect the performance of graphite. Based on field work and a systematic collection of graphite ore samples in weathered alteration bands, the chemical composition, mineral composition, structure, microscopic morphology, and mineral co-occurrence of weathered graphite ore in different layers have been systematically studied. The results show that the main chemical compositions of the samples include C, SiO₂, Al₂O₃, K₂O, Fe₂O₃, MgO, TiO₂ and so on. The gangue minerals in the graphite ore samples include quartz, mica (mainly biotite), pyrite, epidote, clinozoisite, limonite and so on.The more the clay mineral content of the ore in the surface layer is higher. Graphite is scaly and leaf-like embedded between gangue minerals. The diameter of graphite is generally 0.05~1.5 mm, and some large ones are 3~5 mm.As the degree of weathering deepens, the degree of graphitization (r) gradually decreases, and the content of 3R polymorphism (Rh) gradually increases. The results show that as the degree of weathering increases, the structural defects of graphite gradually increase and the order of structure decreases.