Aggregation pheromones of the flat grain beetle,Cryptolestes pusillus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae) |
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Authors: | J. G. Millar H. D. Pierce Jr. A. M. Pierce A. C. Oehlschlager J. H. Borden A. V. Barak |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, V5A 1S6 Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada;(2) Centre for Pest Management, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, V5A 1S6 Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada;(3) Hoboken Methods Development Center, USDA, 209 River Street, Hoboken, New Jersey;(4) Present address: National Research Council of Canada, Plant Biotechnology Institute, 110 Gymnasium Road, University Campus, S7N OW9 Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada |
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Abstract: | Aggregation pheromones were isolated fromCryptolestes pusillus (Schönherr), a coleopteran pest of stored products. Porapak Q-captured beetle and frass volatiles were fractionated by preparative gas-liquid chromatography. The fractions were bioassayed with an arena olfactometer and/or with a two-choice, pitfall olfactometer. Three biologically active, male-produced compounds eliciting aggregation behavior from adultC. pusillus were isolated and identified by spectroscopic methods as (Z)-3-dodecenolide (I), (Z)-5-tetradecen-13-olide (II), and (Z,Z)-3,6-dodecadienolide (III). Compound I was the major volatile produced and was active alone. Compound II was not active alone, but synergized the response to I. Compound III was active alone at higher concentrations, but did not significantly increase the response when added to the most active mixture of I and II, and so it is probably not part of the aggregation pheromone. Pheromone production increased dramatically when the insects were aerated on a food source.Research supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Operating Grants A3881 and A3785, Strategic Grant 60958, and a Graduate Scholarship to J. G. Millar. |
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Keywords: | Cryptolestes pusillus coleoptera cucujidae flat grain beetle aggregation pheromone macrolide (Z)-3-dodecenolide (Z)-5-tetradecen-13-olide (Z,Z)-3,6-dodecadienolide |
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