Lignite as a fuel for direct carbon fuel cell system |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based on Solid State Proton Electrolytes, Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, 22 S. Kovalevskoy, 620990 Yekaterinburg, Russia;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, Pedion Areos, 383 34 Volos, Greece;1. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale e Scienze Matematiche, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, Polo Montedago, 60131 Ancona, Italy;2. ENEA C.R. Casaccia, Via Anguillarese, 00123 Rome, Italy;3. The University of Edinburgh, School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and Processes, Mayfield Road, The King''s Buildings, EH9 3JL Edinburgh, UK;1. The Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, PR China;2. New Energy Research Institute, College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China;3. Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao o 266042, PR China;4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 771 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-0245, USA |
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| Abstract: | Lignite, also known as brown coal, and char derived from lignite by pyrolysis were investigated as fuels for direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFC). Experiments were carried out with 16 cm2 active area, electrolyte supported solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), using pulverized solid fuel directly fed to DC-SOFC anode compartment in a batch mode, fixed bed configuration. The maximum power density of 143 mW/cm2 was observed with a char derived from lignite, much higher than 93 mW/cm2 when operating on a lignite fuel. The cell was operating under electric load until fuel supply was almost completely exhausted. Reloading fixed lignite bed during a thermal cycle resulted in a similar initial cell performance, pointing to feasibility of fuel cell operation in a continuous fuel supply mode. The additional series of experiments were carried out in SOFC cell, in the absence of solid fuels, with (a) simulated CO/CO2 gas mixtures in a wide range of compositions and (b) humidified hydrogen as a reference fuel composition for all cases considered. The solid oxide fuel cell, operated with 92%CO + 8%CO2 gas mixture, generated the maximum power density of 342 mW/cm2. The fuel cell performance has increased in the following order: lignite (DC-SOFC) < char derived from lignite (DC-SOFC) < CO + CO2 gas mixture (SOFC) < humidified hydrogen (SOFC). |
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| Keywords: | Direct carbon fuel cell Solid oxide fuel cell Lignite Char Boudouard reaction |
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