粉末冶金零件中孔隙的涂镀前封闭处理技术进展

阐述了粉末冶金零件中孔隙的涂镀前封闭处理技术的进展。介绍了粉末冶金的历史沿革及概念,提出、分析了粉末冶金材料在前处理过程中存在的问题,阐述了电镀或者油漆前处理之前进行材料孔隙封闭处理的重要意义,讨论了现代工业应用越来越多的粉末冶金材料的类型及产品零件。针对粉末冶金零件涂镀过程中孔隙中易残留溶液成分,导致表面涂镀层起泡、剥离等问题,介绍了目前采用的粉末冶金零件孔隙涂镀前的封闭处理方法,分析探讨了粉末冶金零件镀前用防锈水封闭处理的优势,并分析了防锈水中缓蚀剂的作用原理。防锈水中缓蚀剂等成分的渗入与扩散,对粉末冶金材料的孔隙产生化学吸附、转化及沉淀,从而封闭和填充粉末冶金材料中的孔隙,可以有效提高粉末冶金零件表面涂镀层的结合力和耐腐蚀性能。

Research Progress of Pore Sealing Technology of Powder Metallurgy Parts before Plating

The work aims to introduce progress of sealing treatment technology before plating of pores in powder metallurgy parts. The historical evolution and concept of powder metallurgy were introduced. Problems existing during pretreatment of powder metal-lurgy materials were proposed and analyzed. The significance of the material pore sealing treatment before plating or painting pretreatment was expounded. Types of powder metallurgy materials and product parts commonly used in modern industry were discussed. Solution composition could be easily left in pores of the powder metallurgy parts during plating and led to coating blistering and peeling. To resolve the problem, many different methods of sealing the pores before plating commonly applied at present were introduced; advantages of sealing the parts with antirust water were analyzed and discussed, action principle of the inhibitor in antirust water were analyzed. Adhesion and corrosion resistance of coatings on the surface of powder metallurgy parts are efficiently improved for the permeation and diffusion of the inhibitor in antirust water results in chemical adsorption, conversion and precipitation in pores of powder metallurgy materials, which seals and fills pores in powder metallurgy materials.